{"id":8071,"date":"2026-01-30T22:41:36","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T22:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/uncategorized-lv\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T14:22:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T14:22:43","slug":"ozola-koksne-izturiba-pret-trupi-un-laikapstakliem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/kasulik-teada\/ozola-koksne-izturiba-pret-trupi-un-laikapstakliem\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne ir iztur\u012bga pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Ozola koksnes iztur\u012bbas pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi iemesli<\/h2> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Ozols (Quercus spp.<\/em>) ir paz\u012bstams k\u0101 \u013coti iztur\u012bgs lapu koks, kura koksne labi iztur gan laikapst\u0101k\u013cu ietekmi, gan ar\u012b trup\u0113\u0161anu. Ozola kodolkoksne v\u0113sturiski ir augstu v\u0113rt\u0113ta ku\u0123u b\u016bv\u0113 un \u0101ra konstrukcij\u0101s tie\u0161i savas dabisk\u0101s iztur\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c. Turpm\u0101k skaidrojam, kuri \u0137\u012bmiskie savienojumi ozola koksn\u0113 un k\u0101di anatomiskie un fizik\u0101lie faktori pie\u0161\u0137ir ozolam \u012bpa\u0161u iztur\u012bbu pret trupi, sal\u012bdzinot ar daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m lapu koku sug\u0101m.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0136\u012bmiskais sast\u0101vs un iztur\u012bba pret trupi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ozola koksnes kodolkoksne satur daudz dabisku aizsargvielu, kas kav\u0113 s\u0113\u0146u un bakt\u0113riju aug\u0161anu un samazina mitruma kait\u012bgo ietekmi. Galven\u0101s no t\u0101m ir:<\/p>\n

Tan\u012bni:<\/strong> Ozola kodolkoksnei rakstur\u012bgs \u013coti augsts tan\u012bnu saturs \u2013 tie ir augu polifenoliskie savienojumi, kas darbojas k\u0101 dab\u012bgi fungic\u012bdi un pestic\u012bdi. Nosaukums \u201ctan\u012bns\u201d radies no ozola izmanto\u0161anas \u0101du miec\u0113\u0161an\u0101 (senaj\u0101 v\u0101cu valod\u0101 Tanna<\/em> noz\u012bm\u0113ja ozolu). Tan\u012bni aizsarg\u0101 koksni no s\u0113n\u0113m, bakt\u0113rij\u0101m un kukai\u0146iem, kav\u0113jot to dz\u012bv\u012bbas procesus. P\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka ozola tan\u012bniem ir toksiska iedarb\u012bba uz koksni no\u0101rdo\u0161\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m: tie kav\u0113 lign\u012bna un celulozes sadal\u012b\u0161anos, t\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne sadal\u0101s iev\u0113rojami l\u0113n\u0101k nek\u0101 daudzu citu koku sugu koksne. Piem\u0113ram, ir nov\u0113rots, ka zem \u016bdens ozola kodolkoksne saglab\u0101jas ilg\u0101k nek\u0101 pat da\u017eu skujkoku koksne \u2013 tan\u012bni kav\u0113 j\u016bras s\u0113\u0146u un bakt\u0113riju darb\u012bbu, padarot ozola konstrukcijas iztur\u012bg\u0101kas nek\u0101 parasta priede vai egle. T\u0101pat ir konstat\u0113ts, ka ozola koksn\u0113 eso\u0161ie \u012bpa\u0161ie ellagitan\u012bni (noteikta veida hidroliz\u0113jamie tan\u012bni) pie\u0161\u0137ir ozolam \u012bpa\u0161i augstu notur\u012bbu pret s\u0113\u0146u boj\u0101jumiem.<\/p>\n

Lign\u012bns:<\/strong> Lign\u012bns ir lip\u012bgs polim\u0113rs, kas nostiprina koksnes \u0161\u016bnu sienas un pie\u0161\u0137ir koksnei stingr\u012bbu un hidrofobas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. Pateicoties lign\u012bnam, sausa koksne ir iztur\u012bga un gr\u016bti uzs\u016bc \u016bdeni. Jo liel\u0101ks lign\u012bna saturs koksn\u0113, jo gr\u016bt\u0101k s\u0113n\u0113m to sadal\u012bt \u2013 lign\u012bns biolo\u0123iski sadal\u0101s l\u0113n\u0101k nek\u0101 celuloze. Ozola koksne ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i bag\u0101ta ar lign\u012bnu (sal\u012bdzinot ar \u0101traudz\u012bgiem lapu kokiem), un lign\u012bna strukt\u016bra ozol\u0101 s\u0113n\u0113m ir gr\u016bt\u0101k no\u0101rd\u0101ma. Dabisk\u0101 koksnes iztur\u012bba liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bga no lign\u012bna un ekstraktvielu daudzuma \u2013 sugas ar augstu lign\u012bna un ekstraktvielu saturu (piem\u0113ram, ozols) ir iztur\u012bg\u0101kas pret trup\u0113\u0161anu. Turkl\u0101t lign\u012bns padara \u0161\u016bnu sienas maz\u0101k caurlaid\u012bgas \u016bdenim, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di samazinot mitruma iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anu dzi\u013c\u0101k koksn\u0113.<\/p>\n

Citas ekstraktvielas:<\/strong> Ozola kodolkoksne gadu gait\u0101 uzkr\u0101j ar\u012b citas ekstraktvielas (biolo\u0123iski akt\u012bvus savienojumus), piem\u0113ram, flavono\u012bdus, fenola savienojumus un vaskus. \u0160\u012bs vielas veido koksnes sekund\u0101ro \u0137\u012bmisko aizsardz\u012bbu pret biolo\u0123iskiem boj\u0101jumiem. Ozola koksn\u0113 sastopami ellagsk\u0101bes atvasin\u0101jumi un citi polifenoli darbojas k\u0101 antioksidanti un prets\u0113n\u012b\u0161u vielas. Tie kav\u0113 s\u0113\u0146u enz\u012bmu darb\u012bbu un \u0161\u016bnu aug\u0161anu, padarot koksni maz\u0101k piem\u0113rotu to att\u012bst\u012bbai. Turkl\u0101t ozola koksn\u0113 ir ar\u012b noteiktas organisk\u0101s sk\u0101bes (piem\u0113ram, tan\u012bnsk\u0101be), kas rada s\u0113n\u0113m nelabv\u0113l\u012bgu \u2013 sk\u0101bu un toksisku \u2013 vidi. Lielais ekstraktvielu daudzums kodolkoksn\u0113 veido b\u016btisku ozola iztur\u012bbas da\u013cu: \u0161\u012bs vielas saista met\u0101lus un rada s\u0113n\u0113m toksisku vidi, pal\u0113ninot koksnes no\u0101rd\u012b\u0161an\u0101s procesus.<\/p>\n

Svar\u012bgi uzsv\u0113rt, ka ozola kodolkoksne (stumbra iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 da\u013ca) ir daudz iztur\u012bg\u0101ka nek\u0101 aplievas koksne (\u0101r\u0113j\u0101, dz\u012bvo \u0161\u016bnu da\u013ca). Kokam novecojot, iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s vado\u0161\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas atmirst un p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161as par kodolkoksni, kur ozols liel\u0101 koncentr\u0101cij\u0101 uzkr\u0101j tan\u012bnus un citas aizsargvielas. Tas padara ozola kodolkoksni dabiski iztur\u012bgu pret trupi. Savuk\u0101rt aplievas koksn\u0113 ir maz\u0101k \u0161o \u0137\u012bmisko vielu, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 sadal\u0101s viegl\u0101k. T\u0101p\u0113c b\u016bvniec\u012bb\u0101 un \u0101ra apst\u0101k\u013cos parasti izmanto tie\u0161i tum\u0161\u0101ko ozola kodolkoksni, kas ir bag\u0101ta ar aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161\u0101m ekstraktviel\u0101m.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ozola sal\u012bdzin\u0101jums ar citiem lapu kokiem<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Daudziem citiem m\u0113ren\u0101 klimata lapu kokiem tr\u016bkst ozolam rakstur\u012bgo aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161o savienojumu vai strukt\u016bru, t\u0101p\u0113c to koksne ir maz\u0101k iztur\u012bga pret trupi. Piem\u0113ram, parastais di\u017esk\u0101bardis (Fagus sylvatica<\/em>) un b\u0113rzs (Betula spp.<\/em>) neveido tik ekstraktviel\u0101m bag\u0101tu kodolkoksni k\u0101 ozols. Di\u017esk\u0101bar\u017ea koksn\u0113 nav skaidras robe\u017eas starp kodolkoksni un aplievu \u2013 vec\u0101k\u0101s stumbra da\u013c\u0101s veidojas tikai t\u0101 saukt\u0101 viltus kodolkoksne, kas b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir iekr\u0101soju\u0161\u0101s miru\u0161as \u0161\u016bnas bez aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161iem tan\u012bniem. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c di\u017esk\u0101bar\u017ea koksne ir \u013coti pak\u013cauta trup\u0113\u0161anai un \u0101ra apst\u0101k\u013cos saglab\u0101jas \u012bsu laiku, ja netiek apstr\u0101d\u0101ta.<\/p>\n

Ar\u012b b\u0113rza koksnei ir zema dabisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba \u2013 taj\u0101 nav liela tan\u012bnu un sve\u0137u daudzuma, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c mitr\u0101 vid\u0113 s\u0113nes var viegli s\u0101kt to sadal\u012bt. P\u0113t\u012bjumi r\u0101da, ka, piem\u0113ram, b\u0113rza, alk\u0161\u0146a vai apses koksne augsta mitruma apst\u0101k\u013cos sadal\u0101s iev\u0113rojami \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 ozola koksne. Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, ozola unik\u0101lais \u0137\u012bmiskais sast\u0101vs to izce\u013c starp daudziem citiem lapu kokiem \u2013 sug\u0101m, kuru koksn\u0113 nav tan\u012bnu un citu miecvielu, dabisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba pret s\u0113n\u0113m ir \u013coti zema. Ir nov\u0113rots, ka ozola un priedes kodolkoksne \u016bden\u012b var saglab\u0101ties gadsimtiem, kam\u0113r lapu koki, piem\u0113ram, b\u0113rzs, \u016bden\u012b \u0101tri k\u013c\u016bst m\u012bksti.<\/p>\n

J\u0101piemin ar\u012b tas, ka past\u0101v citas dab\u012bgi iztur\u012bgas koksnes sugas ar l\u012bdz\u012bgiem aizsardz\u012bbas meh\u0101nismiem k\u0101 ozolam. Piem\u0113ram, kasta\u0146as (Castanea<\/em>) koksne ir bag\u0101ta ar tan\u012bniem un labi pretojas trup\u0113\u0161anai. Tropu lapu koki, piem\u0113ram, t\u012bkkoks, satur dabisk\u0101s e\u013c\u013cas un sve\u0137us, kas pie\u0161\u0137ir tiem iztur\u012bbu pret puvi. Tom\u0113r starp m\u016bsu klimata lapu kokiem ozols ir viens no iztur\u012bg\u0101kajiem, jo tas apvieno augstu bl\u012bvumu, tan\u012bniem bag\u0101tu \u0137\u012bmisko sast\u0101vu un \u012bpa\u0161u anatomisko strukt\u016bru.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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Anatomiskie un fizik\u0101lie faktori<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Papildus \u0137\u012bmiskajam sast\u0101vam ozola koksnes iztur\u012bb\u0101 lielu lomu sp\u0113l\u0113 ar\u012b t\u0101s strukt\u016bra un fizik\u0101l\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.<\/p>\n

Bl\u012bvums un ciet\u012bba<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ozola koksne ir \u013coti bl\u012bva un smaga \u2013 t\u0101s bl\u012bvums ir aptuveni 720 kg\/m\u00b3, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 pieder pie bl\u012bv\u0101kaj\u0101m viet\u0113j\u0101m lapu koku koksn\u0113m. Lielais bl\u012bvums noz\u012bm\u0113, ka koksnes poras un starp\u0161\u016bnu telpas ir maz\u0101kas vai piepild\u012btas ar biez\u0101m \u0161\u016bnu sien\u0101m. Tas pal\u0113nina mitruma uzs\u016bk\u0161anos koksn\u0113 un atst\u0101j s\u0113n\u0113m maz\u0101k vietas, kur iek\u013c\u016bt. Bl\u012bva un cieta koksne lab\u0101k iztur laikapst\u0101k\u013cu sv\u0101rst\u012bbas \u2013 mitrin\u0101\u0161anas un \u017e\u016b\u0161anas ciklus. Ozols uzbriest un saraujas sal\u012bdzino\u0161i m\u0113reni un nezaud\u0113 formu. S\u0113n\u0113m fiziski nepiecie\u0161ams vair\u0101k laika, lai sadal\u012btu bl\u012bvu koksni, jo katr\u0101 tilpuma vien\u012bb\u0101 ir vair\u0101k materi\u0101la. Ozola liel\u0101 ciet\u012bba ar\u012b pasarg\u0101 no meh\u0101niskiem boj\u0101jumiem.<\/p>\n

Gredzenporaina strukt\u016bra<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ozols ir gredzenporains lapu koks. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka katra gada gredzena agr\u012bnaj\u0101 koksn\u0113 ir lieli trauki, bet v\u0113l\u012bnaj\u0101 koksn\u0113 \u2013 maz\u0101ki. \u0160\u012b at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba padara gada gredzenus skaidri redzamus. Lielie trauki pal\u012bdz kokam pavasar\u012b \u0101tri transport\u0113t \u016bdeni, bet vienlaikus tie \u013cauj veidoties tiloz\u0113m.<\/p>\n

Tiloze ir parenh\u012bmas \u0161\u016bnu izaugums, kas aizpilda miru\u0161os traukus un nosprosto liel\u0101s poras kodolkoksn\u0113. \u012apa\u0161i balt\u0101 ozola grup\u0101 tilozes var b\u016bt tik bl\u012bvas, ka kodolkoksne k\u013c\u016bst gandr\u012bz \u016bdensnecaurlaid\u012bga. T\u0101s darbojas k\u0101 kor\u0137i, kas blo\u0137\u0113 \u016bdens un s\u0113\u0146u mic\u0113lija p\u0101rvieto\u0161anos pa koksni. T\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne, \u012bpa\u0161i tum\u0161\u0101 kodolkoksne, slikti uzs\u016bc \u016bdeni un ir iztur\u012bga pret trupi.<\/p>\n

Serde\u0146u stari<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ozola koksn\u0113 ir \u012bpa\u0161i lieli un daudzi serde\u0146u stari \u2013 radi\u0101las joslas, kas sast\u0101v no parenh\u012bmas \u0161\u016bn\u0101m. Tie var veidot pat l\u012bdz ceturtda\u013cai no koksnes tilpuma. Lielie stari pie\u0161\u0137ir koksnei papildu iztur\u012bbu un izm\u0113ru stabilit\u0101ti. \u017d\u016bstot ozola d\u0113\u013ci maz\u0101k plais\u0101 un deform\u0113jas, jo stari pal\u012bdz saglab\u0101t formu.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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Ozola koksnes iztur\u012bbas pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi iemesli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8072,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1132],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kasulik-teada","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nK\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne ir iztur\u012bga pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi? - Etnoart<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Uzziniet, k\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne ir viena no iztur\u012bg\u0101kaj\u0101m lapu koku koksn\u0113m. 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Rakst\u0101 skaidrots, k\u0101 tan\u012bni, lign\u012bns un ozola strukt\u016bra ......","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/kasulik-teada\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"lv-LV","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/kasulik-teada\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/kasulik-teada\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vastupidav-Tamm.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vastupidav-Tamm.jpg","width":1283,"height":700,"caption":"vastupidav Tamm"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/kasulik-teada\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"K\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne ir iztur\u012bga pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/","name":"Etnoart","description":"Käsitööpood","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"lv-LV"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#organization","name":"Etnoart O\u00dc","url":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/etnoart-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/etnoart-logo.png","width":491,"height":184,"caption":"Etnoart O\u00dc"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/etnoart.handicraft.shop"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/5401d8407d278b7eda5c3e15eee1a9f5","name":"ahti","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"lv-LV","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d7b2a67812f6c225bc1166b0a975b8dc39eda0bd380b54b5f2aee4d8b1f6684c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d7b2a67812f6c225bc1166b0a975b8dc39eda0bd380b54b5f2aee4d8b1f6684c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d7b2a67812f6c225bc1166b0a975b8dc39eda0bd380b54b5f2aee4d8b1f6684c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"ahti"},"url":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/author\/ahti\/"}]}},"builder_content":"<h2>Ozola koksnes iztur\u012bbas pret laikapst\u0101k\u013ciem un trupi iemesli<\/h2>\n<p>Ozols (<em data-start=\"945\" data-end=\"959\">Quercus spp.<\/em>) ir paz\u012bstams k\u0101 \u013coti iztur\u012bgs lapu koks, kura koksne labi iztur gan laikapst\u0101k\u013cu ietekmi, gan ar\u012b trup\u0113\u0161anu. Ozola kodolkoksne v\u0113sturiski ir augstu v\u0113rt\u0113ta ku\u0123u b\u016bv\u0113 un \u0101ra konstrukcij\u0101s tie\u0161i savas dabisk\u0101s iztur\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c. Turpm\u0101k skaidrojam, kuri \u0137\u012bmiskie savienojumi ozola koksn\u0113 un k\u0101di anatomiskie un fizik\u0101lie faktori pie\u0161\u0137ir ozolam \u012bpa\u0161u iztur\u012bbu pret trupi, sal\u012bdzinot ar daudz\u0101m cit\u0101m lapu koku sug\u0101m.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3698\"><strong data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3698\">\u0136\u012bmiskais sast\u0101vs un iztur\u012bba pret trupi<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"3700\" data-end=\"3851\">Ozola koksnes kodolkoksne satur daudz dabisku aizsargvielu, kas kav\u0113 s\u0113\u0146u un bakt\u0113riju aug\u0161anu un samazina mitruma kait\u012bgo ietekmi. Galven\u0101s no t\u0101m ir:<\/p> <p data-start=\"3853\" data-end=\"4791\"><strong data-start=\"3853\" data-end=\"3864\">Tan\u012bni:<\/strong> Ozola kodolkoksnei rakstur\u012bgs \u013coti augsts tan\u012bnu saturs \u2013 tie ir augu polifenoliskie savienojumi, kas darbojas k\u0101 dab\u012bgi fungic\u012bdi un pestic\u012bdi. Nosaukums \u201ctan\u012bns\u201d radies no ozola izmanto\u0161anas \u0101du miec\u0113\u0161an\u0101 (senaj\u0101 v\u0101cu valod\u0101 <em data-start=\"4092\" data-end=\"4099\">Tanna<\/em> noz\u012bm\u0113ja ozolu). Tan\u012bni aizsarg\u0101 koksni no s\u0113n\u0113m, bakt\u0113rij\u0101m un kukai\u0146iem, kav\u0113jot to dz\u012bv\u012bbas procesus. P\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka ozola tan\u012bniem ir toksiska iedarb\u012bba uz koksni no\u0101rdo\u0161\u0101m s\u0113n\u0113m: tie kav\u0113 lign\u012bna un celulozes sadal\u012b\u0161anos, t\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne sadal\u0101s iev\u0113rojami l\u0113n\u0101k nek\u0101 daudzu citu koku sugu koksne. Piem\u0113ram, ir nov\u0113rots, ka zem \u016bdens ozola kodolkoksne saglab\u0101jas ilg\u0101k nek\u0101 pat da\u017eu skujkoku koksne \u2013 tan\u012bni kav\u0113 j\u016bras s\u0113\u0146u un bakt\u0113riju darb\u012bbu, padarot ozola konstrukcijas iztur\u012bg\u0101kas nek\u0101 parasta priede vai egle. T\u0101pat ir konstat\u0113ts, ka ozola koksn\u0113 eso\u0161ie \u012bpa\u0161ie ellagitan\u012bni (noteikta veida hidroliz\u0113jamie tan\u012bni) pie\u0161\u0137ir ozolam \u012bpa\u0161i augstu notur\u012bbu pret s\u0113\u0146u boj\u0101jumiem.<\/p> <p data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"5540\"><strong data-start=\"4793\" data-end=\"4805\">Lign\u012bns:<\/strong> Lign\u012bns ir lip\u012bgs polim\u0113rs, kas nostiprina koksnes \u0161\u016bnu sienas un pie\u0161\u0137ir koksnei stingr\u012bbu un hidrofobas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. Pateicoties lign\u012bnam, sausa koksne ir iztur\u012bga un gr\u016bti uzs\u016bc \u016bdeni. Jo liel\u0101ks lign\u012bna saturs koksn\u0113, jo gr\u016bt\u0101k s\u0113n\u0113m to sadal\u012bt \u2013 lign\u012bns biolo\u0123iski sadal\u0101s l\u0113n\u0101k nek\u0101 celuloze. Ozola koksne ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i bag\u0101ta ar lign\u012bnu (sal\u012bdzinot ar \u0101traudz\u012bgiem lapu kokiem), un lign\u012bna strukt\u016bra ozol\u0101 s\u0113n\u0113m ir gr\u016bt\u0101k no\u0101rd\u0101ma. Dabisk\u0101 koksnes iztur\u012bba liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bga no lign\u012bna un ekstraktvielu daudzuma \u2013 sugas ar augstu lign\u012bna un ekstraktvielu saturu (piem\u0113ram, ozols) ir iztur\u012bg\u0101kas pret trup\u0113\u0161anu. Turkl\u0101t lign\u012bns padara \u0161\u016bnu sienas maz\u0101k caurlaid\u012bgas \u016bdenim, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di samazinot mitruma iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anu dzi\u013c\u0101k koksn\u0113.<\/p> <p data-start=\"5542\" data-end=\"6318\"><strong data-start=\"5542\" data-end=\"5567\">Citas ekstraktvielas:<\/strong> Ozola kodolkoksne gadu gait\u0101 uzkr\u0101j ar\u012b citas ekstraktvielas (biolo\u0123iski akt\u012bvus savienojumus), piem\u0113ram, flavono\u012bdus, fenola savienojumus un vaskus. \u0160\u012bs vielas veido koksnes sekund\u0101ro \u0137\u012bmisko aizsardz\u012bbu pret biolo\u0123iskiem boj\u0101jumiem. Ozola koksn\u0113 sastopami ellagsk\u0101bes atvasin\u0101jumi un citi polifenoli darbojas k\u0101 antioksidanti un prets\u0113n\u012b\u0161u vielas. Tie kav\u0113 s\u0113\u0146u enz\u012bmu darb\u012bbu un \u0161\u016bnu aug\u0161anu, padarot koksni maz\u0101k piem\u0113rotu to att\u012bst\u012bbai. Turkl\u0101t ozola koksn\u0113 ir ar\u012b noteiktas organisk\u0101s sk\u0101bes (piem\u0113ram, tan\u012bnsk\u0101be), kas rada s\u0113n\u0113m nelabv\u0113l\u012bgu \u2013 sk\u0101bu un toksisku \u2013 vidi. Lielais ekstraktvielu daudzums kodolkoksn\u0113 veido b\u016btisku ozola iztur\u012bbas da\u013cu: \u0161\u012bs vielas saista met\u0101lus un rada s\u0113n\u0113m toksisku vidi, pal\u0113ninot koksnes no\u0101rd\u012b\u0161an\u0101s procesus.<\/p> <p data-start=\"6320\" data-end=\"6860\">Svar\u012bgi uzsv\u0113rt, ka ozola kodolkoksne (stumbra iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 da\u013ca) ir daudz iztur\u012bg\u0101ka nek\u0101 aplievas koksne (\u0101r\u0113j\u0101, dz\u012bvo \u0161\u016bnu da\u013ca). Kokam novecojot, iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s vado\u0161\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas atmirst un p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161as par kodolkoksni, kur ozols liel\u0101 koncentr\u0101cij\u0101 uzkr\u0101j tan\u012bnus un citas aizsargvielas. Tas padara ozola kodolkoksni dabiski iztur\u012bgu pret trupi. Savuk\u0101rt aplievas koksn\u0113 ir maz\u0101k \u0161o \u0137\u012bmisko vielu, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 sadal\u0101s viegl\u0101k. T\u0101p\u0113c b\u016bvniec\u012bb\u0101 un \u0101ra apst\u0101k\u013cos parasti izmanto tie\u0161i tum\u0161\u0101ko ozola kodolkoksni, kas ir bag\u0101ta ar aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161\u0101m ekstraktviel\u0101m.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm.jpg\" title=\"vana tamm\" alt=\"vana tamm\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm.jpg 800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-267x400.jpg 267w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-600x900.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid.jpg\" title=\"tammest veinivaadid\" alt=\"tammest veinivaadid\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid.jpg 900w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-300x400.jpg 300w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-600x800.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit.jpg\" title=\"Vana tamme puit\" alt=\"Vana tamme puit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit.jpg 875w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-292x400.jpg 292w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-747x1024.jpg 747w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-768x1053.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-600x823.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu.jpg\" title=\"v\u00f5imas tammepuu\" alt=\"v\u00f5imas tammepuu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu.jpg 800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-267x400.jpg 267w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-600x900.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"j16o50\" data-start=\"6387\" data-end=\"6435\"><strong data-start=\"6390\" data-end=\"6435\">Ozola sal\u012bdzin\u0101jums ar citiem lapu kokiem<\/strong><\/h2> <p data-start=\"6437\" data-end=\"7046\">Daudziem citiem m\u0113ren\u0101 klimata lapu kokiem tr\u016bkst ozolam rakstur\u012bgo aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161o savienojumu vai strukt\u016bru, t\u0101p\u0113c to koksne ir maz\u0101k iztur\u012bga pret trupi. Piem\u0113ram, parastais di\u017esk\u0101bardis (<em data-start=\"6625\" data-end=\"6642\">Fagus sylvatica<\/em>) un b\u0113rzs (<em data-start=\"6654\" data-end=\"6667\">Betula spp.<\/em>) neveido tik ekstraktviel\u0101m bag\u0101tu kodolkoksni k\u0101 ozols. Di\u017esk\u0101bar\u017ea koksn\u0113 nav skaidras robe\u017eas starp kodolkoksni un aplievu \u2013 vec\u0101k\u0101s stumbra da\u013c\u0101s veidojas tikai t\u0101 saukt\u0101 viltus kodolkoksne, kas b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir iekr\u0101soju\u0161\u0101s miru\u0161as \u0161\u016bnas bez aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161iem tan\u012bniem. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c di\u017esk\u0101bar\u017ea koksne ir \u013coti pak\u013cauta trup\u0113\u0161anai un \u0101ra apst\u0101k\u013cos saglab\u0101jas \u012bsu laiku, ja netiek apstr\u0101d\u0101ta.<\/p> <p data-start=\"7048\" data-end=\"7643\">Ar\u012b b\u0113rza koksnei ir zema dabisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba \u2013 taj\u0101 nav liela tan\u012bnu un sve\u0137u daudzuma, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c mitr\u0101 vid\u0113 s\u0113nes var viegli s\u0101kt to sadal\u012bt. P\u0113t\u012bjumi r\u0101da, ka, piem\u0113ram, b\u0113rza, alk\u0161\u0146a vai apses koksne augsta mitruma apst\u0101k\u013cos sadal\u0101s iev\u0113rojami \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 ozola koksne. Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, ozola unik\u0101lais \u0137\u012bmiskais sast\u0101vs to izce\u013c starp daudziem citiem lapu kokiem \u2013 sug\u0101m, kuru koksn\u0113 nav tan\u012bnu un citu miecvielu, dabisk\u0101 iztur\u012bba pret s\u0113n\u0113m ir \u013coti zema. Ir nov\u0113rots, ka ozola un priedes kodolkoksne \u016bden\u012b var saglab\u0101ties gadsimtiem, kam\u0113r lapu koki, piem\u0113ram, b\u0113rzs, \u016bden\u012b \u0101tri k\u013c\u016bst m\u012bksti.<\/p> <p data-start=\"7645\" data-end=\"8118\">J\u0101piemin ar\u012b tas, ka past\u0101v citas dab\u012bgi iztur\u012bgas koksnes sugas ar l\u012bdz\u012bgiem aizsardz\u012bbas meh\u0101nismiem k\u0101 ozolam. Piem\u0113ram, kasta\u0146as (<em data-start=\"7779\" data-end=\"7789\">Castanea<\/em>) koksne ir bag\u0101ta ar tan\u012bniem un labi pretojas trup\u0113\u0161anai. Tropu lapu koki, piem\u0113ram, t\u012bkkoks, satur dabisk\u0101s e\u013c\u013cas un sve\u0137us, kas pie\u0161\u0137ir tiem iztur\u012bbu pret puvi. Tom\u0113r starp m\u016bsu klimata lapu kokiem ozols ir viens no iztur\u012bg\u0101kajiem, jo tas apvieno augstu bl\u012bvumu, tan\u012bniem bag\u0101tu \u0137\u012bmisko sast\u0101vu un \u012bpa\u0161u anatomisko strukt\u016bru.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"d24ztt\" data-start=\"8125\" data-end=\"8164\"><strong data-start=\"8128\" data-end=\"8164\">Anatomiskie un fizik\u0101lie faktori<\/strong><\/h2> <p data-start=\"8166\" data-end=\"8275\">Papildus \u0137\u012bmiskajam sast\u0101vam ozola koksnes iztur\u012bb\u0101 lielu lomu sp\u0113l\u0113 ar\u012b t\u0101s strukt\u016bra un fizik\u0101l\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"1gu1kra\" data-start=\"8277\" data-end=\"8303\"><strong data-start=\"8281\" data-end=\"8303\">Bl\u012bvums un ciet\u012bba<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"8305\" data-end=\"8957\">Ozola koksne ir \u013coti bl\u012bva un smaga \u2013 t\u0101s bl\u012bvums ir aptuveni 720 kg\/m\u00b3, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 pieder pie bl\u012bv\u0101kaj\u0101m viet\u0113j\u0101m lapu koku koksn\u0113m. Lielais bl\u012bvums noz\u012bm\u0113, ka koksnes poras un starp\u0161\u016bnu telpas ir maz\u0101kas vai piepild\u012btas ar biez\u0101m \u0161\u016bnu sien\u0101m. Tas pal\u0113nina mitruma uzs\u016bk\u0161anos koksn\u0113 un atst\u0101j s\u0113n\u0113m maz\u0101k vietas, kur iek\u013c\u016bt. Bl\u012bva un cieta koksne lab\u0101k iztur laikapst\u0101k\u013cu sv\u0101rst\u012bbas \u2013 mitrin\u0101\u0161anas un \u017e\u016b\u0161anas ciklus. Ozols uzbriest un saraujas sal\u012bdzino\u0161i m\u0113reni un nezaud\u0113 formu. S\u0113n\u0113m fiziski nepiecie\u0161ams vair\u0101k laika, lai sadal\u012btu bl\u012bvu koksni, jo katr\u0101 tilpuma vien\u012bb\u0101 ir vair\u0101k materi\u0101la. Ozola liel\u0101 ciet\u012bba ar\u012b pasarg\u0101 no meh\u0101niskiem boj\u0101jumiem.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"i85yj2\" data-start=\"8959\" data-end=\"8991\"><strong data-start=\"8963\" data-end=\"8991\">Gredzenporaina strukt\u016bra<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"8993\" data-end=\"9281\">Ozols ir gredzenporains lapu koks. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka katra gada gredzena agr\u012bnaj\u0101 koksn\u0113 ir lieli trauki, bet v\u0113l\u012bnaj\u0101 koksn\u0113 \u2013 maz\u0101ki. \u0160\u012b at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba padara gada gredzenus skaidri redzamus. Lielie trauki pal\u012bdz kokam pavasar\u012b \u0101tri transport\u0113t \u016bdeni, bet vienlaikus tie \u013cauj veidoties tiloz\u0113m.<\/p> <p data-start=\"9283\" data-end=\"9659\">Tiloze ir parenh\u012bmas \u0161\u016bnu izaugums, kas aizpilda miru\u0161os traukus un nosprosto liel\u0101s poras kodolkoksn\u0113. \u012apa\u0161i balt\u0101 ozola grup\u0101 tilozes var b\u016bt tik bl\u012bvas, ka kodolkoksne k\u013c\u016bst gandr\u012bz \u016bdensnecaurlaid\u012bga. T\u0101s darbojas k\u0101 kor\u0137i, kas blo\u0137\u0113 \u016bdens un s\u0113\u0146u mic\u0113lija p\u0101rvieto\u0161anos pa koksni. T\u0101p\u0113c ozola koksne, \u012bpa\u0161i tum\u0161\u0101 kodolkoksne, slikti uzs\u016bc \u016bdeni un ir iztur\u012bga pret trupi.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"on5425\" data-start=\"9661\" data-end=\"9682\"><strong data-start=\"9665\" data-end=\"9682\">Serde\u0146u stari<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"9684\" data-end=\"9989\">Ozola koksn\u0113 ir \u012bpa\u0161i lieli un daudzi serde\u0146u stari \u2013 radi\u0101las joslas, kas sast\u0101v no parenh\u012bmas \u0161\u016bn\u0101m. Tie var veidot pat l\u012bdz ceturtda\u013cai no koksnes tilpuma. Lielie stari pie\u0161\u0137ir koksnei papildu iztur\u012bbu un izm\u0113ru stabilit\u0101ti. \u017d\u016bstot ozola d\u0113\u013ci maz\u0101k plais\u0101 un deform\u0113jas, jo stari pal\u012bdz saglab\u0101t formu.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit.jpg\" title=\"Kaunis tamme puit\" alt=\"Kaunis tamme puit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid.jpg\" title=\"erinevad tamme sordid\" alt=\"erinevad tamme sordid\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8071"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8084,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8071\/revisions\/8084"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}