{"id":8073,"date":"2026-01-30T22:41:36","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T22:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/uncategorized-lt\/miks-tamme-puit-on-ilmastiku-ja-madaniku-kindel\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T14:27:41","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T14:27:41","slug":"azuolo-mediena-atsparumas-puvimui-ir-orui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/kasulik-teada\/azuolo-mediena-atsparumas-puvimui-ir-orui\/","title":{"rendered":"Kod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena yra atspari oro poveikiui ir puvimui?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u0104\u017euolo medienos atsparumo oro s\u0105lygoms ir puvimui prie\u017eastys<\/h2> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\u0104\u017euolas (Quercus spp.<\/em>) yra \u017einomas kaip labai patvarus lapuotis medis, kurio mediena gerai atlaiko tiek oro s\u0105lyg\u0173 poveik\u012f, tiek ir puvim\u0105. \u0104\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena istori\u0161kai buvo vertinama laiv\u0173 statyboje ir lauko konstrukcijose b\u016btent d\u0117l savo nat\u016bralaus atsparumo. Toliau paai\u0161kiname, kokie cheminiai junginiai \u0105\u017euolo medienoje bei kokie anatominiai ir fizikiniai veiksniai suteikia \u0105\u017euolui ypating\u0105 atsparum\u0105 puvimui, palyginti su daugeliu kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Chemin\u0117 sud\u0117tis ir atsparumas puvimui<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0104\u017euolo medienos branduolin\u0117 dalis (\u0161erdis) turi daug nat\u016brali\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, kurios slopina gryb\u0173 ir bakterij\u0173 augim\u0105 bei ma\u017eina \u017ealing\u0105 dr\u0117gm\u0117s poveik\u012f. Pagrindin\u0117s i\u0161 j\u0173 yra:<\/p>\n

Taninai:<\/strong> \u0104\u017euolo branduolinei medienai b\u016bdingas labai didelis tanin\u0173 kiekis \u2013 tai augaliniai polifenoliniai junginiai, veikiantys kaip nat\u016bral\u016bs fungicidai ir pesticidai. Pats pavadinimas \u201etaninas\u201c kil\u0119s i\u0161 \u0105\u017euolo medienos naudojimo od\u0173 rauginimo procese (senojoje vokie\u010di\u0173 kalboje Tanna<\/em> rei\u0161k\u0117 \u0105\u017euol\u0105). Taninai saugo medien\u0105 nuo gryb\u0173, bakterij\u0173 ir vabzd\u017ei\u0173, slopindami j\u0173 gyvybin\u0119 veikl\u0105. Tyrimai rodo, kad \u0105\u017euolo taninai turi toksin\u012f poveik\u012f medien\u0105 ardan\u010dioms gryb\u0173 r\u016b\u0161ims: \u0161ie junginiai stabdo lignino ir celiulioz\u0117s skaidym\u0105, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena suyra gerokai l\u0117\u010diau nei daugelio kit\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 mediena. Pavyzd\u017eiui, pasteb\u0117ta, kad po vandeniu \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena i\u0161silaiko ilgiau nei kai kuri\u0173 spygliuo\u010di\u0173 mediena \u2013 taninai apsaugo nuo j\u016brini\u0173 gryb\u0173 ir bakterij\u0173, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo konstrukcijos tampa patvaresn\u0117s nei \u012fprastos pu\u0161ies ar egl\u0117s. Taip pat nustatyta, kad \u0105\u017euolo medienoje esantys special\u016bs ellagitaninai (tam tikros r\u016b\u0161ies hidrolizuojami taninai) suteikia ypa\u010d stipr\u0173 atsparum\u0105 grybin\u0117ms pa\u017eaidos formoms.<\/p>\n

Ligninas:<\/strong> Ligninas yra lipnus polimeras, stiprinantis medienos l\u0105steli\u0173 sieneles ir suteikiantis medienai standumo bei hidrofobi\u0161kumo. D\u0117l lignino sausa mediena yra tvirta ir lengvai ne\u012fgeria vandens. Kuo daugiau lignino medienoje, tuo sunkiau grybams j\u0105 suskaidyti \u2013 ligninas biologi\u0161kai skyla l\u0117\u010diau nei celiulioz\u0117. \u0104\u017euolo mediena turi gana daug lignino (palyginti su greitai augan\u010diais lapuo\u010diais), o jo strukt\u016bra grybams sunkiau skaidoma. Nat\u016bralus medienos patvarumas daugiausia priklauso nuo lignino ir ekstrakcini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiekio \u2013 r\u016b\u0161ys, turin\u010dios daugiau lignino ir ekstraktyv\u0173 (pvz., \u0105\u017euolas), yra atsparesn\u0117s puvimui. Be to, ligninas daro l\u0105steli\u0173 sieneles ma\u017eiau pralaid\u017eias vandeniui ir taip ma\u017eina dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u012fsig\u0117rim\u0105 \u012f medienos gilum\u0105.<\/p>\n

Kitos ekstrakcin\u0117s med\u017eiagos:<\/strong> \u0104\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena laikui b\u0117gant sukaupia ir kit\u0173 ekstraktyv\u0173 (biologi\u0161kai aktyvi\u0173 jungini\u0173), pavyzd\u017eiui, flavonoid\u0173, fenolini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ir va\u0161k\u0173. \u0160ios med\u017eiagos sudaro antrin\u0119 chemin\u0119 apsaug\u0105 nuo biologini\u0173 pa\u017eeidim\u0173. \u0104\u017euolo medienoje aptinkami ellagin\u0117s r\u016bg\u0161ties dariniai ir kiti polifenoliai veikia kaip antioksidantai ir prie\u0161grybelin\u0117s med\u017eiagos. Jie slopina gryb\u0173 ferment\u0173 veikl\u0105 ir l\u0105steli\u0173 augim\u0105, tod\u0117l mediena tampa ma\u017eiau tinkama j\u0173 vystymuisi. Be to, \u0105\u017euolo medienoje yra tam tikr\u0173 organini\u0173 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173 (pvz., tanino r\u016bg\u0161ties), kurios sukuria grybams nepalanki\u0105 \u2013 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0105 ir toksi\u0161k\u0105 \u2013 aplink\u0105. Didelis ekstraktyvi\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiekis branduolin\u0117je medienoje yra svarbi \u0105\u017euolo patvarumo prie\u017eastis \u2013 \u0161ios med\u017eiagos suri\u0161a metalus ir sudaro grybams toksi\u0161k\u0105 aplink\u0105, taip l\u0117tindamos irimo procesus.<\/p>\n

Svarbu pabr\u0117\u017eti, kad \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena (vidin\u0117 kamieno dalis) yra daug atsparesn\u0117 nei balanin\u0117 mediena (i\u0161orin\u0117, gyva medienos dalis). Med\u017eiui senstant, vidiniai laidieji audiniai \u017e\u016bva ir virsta branduoline mediena, kurioje \u0105\u017euolas sukaupia didel\u0119 tanin\u0173 ir kit\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 koncentracij\u0105. D\u0117l to \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena nat\u016braliai yra atspari puvimui. Tuo tarpu balanin\u0117 mediena turi ma\u017eiau apsaugini\u0173 chemini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ir tod\u0117l grei\u010diau skyla. Statyboje ir lauko s\u0105lygomis da\u017eniausiai naudojama b\u016btent tamsesn\u0117 \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena, turtinga apsaugini\u0173 ekstraktyv\u0173.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0104\u017euolo palyginimas su kitais lapuo\u010diais<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Daugeliui kit\u0173 vidutinio klimato juostos lapuo\u010di\u0173 med\u017ei\u0173 tr\u016bksta \u0105\u017euolui b\u016bding\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ar strukt\u016br\u0173, tod\u0117l j\u0173 mediena yra ma\u017eiau atspari puvimui. Pavyzd\u017eiui, paprastasis bukas (Fagus sylvatica<\/em>) ir ber\u017eas (Betula spp.<\/em>) nesudaro tokios ekstraktyviomis med\u017eiagomis turtingos branduolin\u0117s medienos kaip \u0105\u017euolas. Buko medienoje n\u0117ra ai\u0161kios ribos tarp branduolin\u0117s ir balanin\u0117s medienos \u2013 senesn\u0117se kamieno dalyse susidaro tik vadinamoji klaidinga \u0161erdis, kuri i\u0161 esm\u0117s yra spalv\u0105 pakeitusios negyvos l\u0105stel\u0117s be apsaugini\u0173 tanin\u0173. D\u0117l to buko mediena yra labai linkusi p\u016bti ir lauko s\u0105lygomis i\u0161silaiko neilgai, jei n\u0117ra apdorota.<\/p>\n

Ber\u017eo mediena taip pat pasi\u017eymi ma\u017eu nat\u016braliu atsparumu \u2013 joje n\u0117ra didelio tanin\u0173 ir derv\u0173 kiekio, tod\u0117l dr\u0117gnomis s\u0105lygomis grybai gali lengvai prad\u0117ti j\u0105 skaidyti. Tyrimai parod\u0117, kad, pavyzd\u017eiui, ber\u017eo, alksnio ar drebul\u0117s mediena dr\u0117gnoje aplinkoje suyra daug grei\u010diau nei \u0105\u017euolo. Kitaip tariant, unikali \u0105\u017euolo chemin\u0117 sud\u0117tis i\u0161skiria j\u012f i\u0161 daugelio kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 \u2013 r\u016b\u0161ys, kuri\u0173 medienoje n\u0117ra tanin\u0173 ir kit\u0173 raugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, pasi\u017eymi labai ma\u017eu nat\u016braliu atsparumu grybams. Pavyzd\u017eiui, pasteb\u0117ta, kad \u0105\u017euolo ir pu\u0161ies branduolin\u0117 mediena vandenyje gali i\u0161likti \u0161imtme\u010dius, tuo tarpu tokie lapuo\u010diai kaip ber\u017eas vandenyje greitai sumink\u0161t\u0117ja.<\/p>\n

Verta pamin\u0117ti, kad yra ir kit\u0173 nat\u016braliai patvari\u0173 medienos r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, turin\u010di\u0173 pana\u0161ius apsaugos mechanizmus kaip \u0105\u017euolas. Pavyzd\u017eiui, ka\u0161tono (Castanea<\/em>) mediena taip pat turtinga tanin\u0173 ir gerai atspari puvimui. Tropiniai lapuo\u010diai, tokie kaip tikmedis, turi nat\u016brali\u0173 aliej\u0173 ir derv\u0173, suteikian\u010di\u0173 atsparum\u0105 puvimui. Ta\u010diau tarp m\u016bs\u0173 klimato zonoje augan\u010di\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 \u0105\u017euolas yra vienas patvariausi\u0173, nes sujungia didel\u012f tank\u012f, tanin\u0173 gaus\u0105 ir ypating\u0105 anatomin\u0119 strukt\u016br\u0105.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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Anatominiai ir fizikiniai veiksniai<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Be chemin\u0117s sud\u0117ties, \u0105\u017euolo medienos patvarumui didel\u0119 \u012ftak\u0105 turi ir jos strukt\u016bra bei fizin\u0117s savyb\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Tankis ir kietumas<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0104\u017euolo mediena yra labai tanki ir sunki \u2013 jos tankis siekia apie 720 kg\/m\u00b3, tod\u0117l ji priskiriama prie tankesni\u0173 vietini\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 medien\u0173. Didelis tankis rei\u0161kia, kad medienos poros ir tarpl\u0105stelin\u0117s erdv\u0117s yra ma\u017eesn\u0117s arba u\u017epildytos storomis l\u0105steli\u0173 sienel\u0117mis. Tai l\u0117tina dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u012fsig\u0117rim\u0105 \u012f medien\u0105 ir palieka grybams ma\u017eiau tu\u0161\u010di\u0173 erdvi\u0173, \u012f kurias gal\u0117t\u0173 prasiskverbti. Tanki ir kieta mediena geriau atlaiko kintan\u010dias oro s\u0105lygas (dr\u0117kimo ir d\u017ei\u016bvimo ciklus) \u2013 \u0105\u017euolas brinksta ir traukiasi palyginti nedaug ir nepraranda formos. Fizi\u0161kai grybams reikia daugiau laiko suardyti tanki\u0105 medien\u0105, nes kiekviename t\u016brio vienete yra daugiau med\u017eiagos ir ma\u017eiau oro bei vandens. Didelis \u0105\u017euolo kietumas taip pat apsaugo nuo mechanini\u0173 pa\u017eeidim\u0173 \u2013 pavir\u0161iniai pa\u017eeidimai paprastai nepasiekia gilesni\u0173 sluoksni\u0173, tod\u0117l lietus ir mikroorganizmai sunkiau prasiskverbia \u012f vid\u0173.<\/p>\n

\u017diedu por\u0117ta strukt\u016bra<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0104\u017euolas yra \u017eiedu por\u0117tas lapuotis. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad kiekvieno met\u0173 \u017eiedo ankstyvojoje medienoje yra didelio skersmens indai, o v\u0117lyvojoje \u2013 ma\u017eesni. Met\u0173 \u017eiedai ai\u0161kiai matomi b\u016btent d\u0117l \u0161i\u0173 por\u0173 dyd\u017eio skirtum\u0173. Dideli indai leid\u017eia med\u017eiui pavasar\u012f greitai transportuoti vanden\u012f, ta\u010diau medienos patvarumo po\u017ei\u016briu jie taip pat sudaro s\u0105lygas formuotis tiloz\u0117ms.<\/p>\n

Tilozi\u0173 pavidalu parenchimos l\u0105stel\u0117s i\u0161auga \u012f negyvus indus ir u\u017epildo dideles poras branduolin\u0117je medienoje. Ypa\u010d balt\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 grup\u0117je (kuriai priklauso ir paprastasis \u0105\u017euolas) tiloz\u0117s gali taip tankiai u\u017ekim\u0161ti indus, kad branduolin\u0117 mediena tampa beveik nepralaidi vandeniui. Tiloz\u0117s veikia tarsi kam\u0161\u010diai \u2013 jos blokuoja vandens ir grybinio micelio jud\u0117jim\u0105 i\u0161ilgai medienos. D\u0117l \u0161ios prie\u017easties \u0105\u017euolo mediena, ypa\u010d tamsi branduolin\u0117 dalis, sunkiai sugeria vanden\u012f ir yra atspari puvimui. Pavyzd\u017eiui, i\u0161 balt\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 pagamintos vyno statin\u0117s ir laiv\u0173 lentos puikiai sulaiko skys\u010dius, nes \u0105\u017euolo poros yra nat\u016braliai \u201eu\u017ecementuotos\u201c.<\/p>\n

Prie\u0161ingai, raudon\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 grup\u0117je (pvz., \u0160iaur\u0117s Amerikos Quercus rubra<\/em>) indai lieka atviri, tilozi\u0173 ma\u017eai, tod\u0117l j\u0173 mediena yra ma\u017eiau atspari vandeniui ir grei\u010diau p\u016bva dr\u0117gnomis s\u0105lygomis. Apskritai \u017eiedu por\u0117ta strukt\u016bra kartu su tiloz\u0117mis suteikia \u0105\u017euolui didel\u012f prana\u0161um\u0105 prie\u0161 difuzi\u0161kai por\u0117tas r\u016b\u0161is: dr\u0117gm\u0117s jud\u0117jimas per medien\u0105 greitai sustoja d\u0117l u\u017ekim\u0161t\u0173 ind\u0173, tuo tarpu ber\u017eo ar buko mediena gali palyginti laisvai sugerti vanden\u012f per vis\u0105 skerspj\u016bv\u012f.<\/p>\n

Medienos spinduliai<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0104\u017euolo medienoje yra ypa\u010d dideli ir gaus\u016bs spinduliai \u2013 tai radialin\u0117s medienos juostos, sudarytos i\u0161 gyv\u0173 parenchimos l\u0105steli\u0173. Kai kuriais atvejais spinduliai gali sudaryti net apie ketvirtadal\u012f viso \u0105\u017euolo medienos t\u016brio. Dideli spinduliai suteikia papildomo stiprumo ir matmen\u0173 stabilumo. I\u0161d\u017ei\u016bvusios \u0105\u017euolo lentos ma\u017eiau skilin\u0117ja ir deformuojasi, nes spinduliai padeda i\u0161laikyti form\u0105 \u2013 radialinis susitraukimas d\u017ei\u016bstant siekia tik apie 4 %. D\u0117l to mediena ple\u010diasi ir traukiasi tolygiau, o tai suma\u017eina \u012ftr\u016bkim\u0173 atsiradim\u0105 lauko s\u0105lygomis.<\/p>\n

Be to, plat\u016bs spinduliai apsunkina skys\u010di\u0173 jud\u0117jim\u0105 medienoje. Skystis, patek\u0119s \u012f vien\u0105 viet\u0105, nukreipiamas \u012f \u0161onus, o jo kelias nutr\u016bksta, nes gretimose vietose n\u0117ra t\u0119stinio spindulio. Taip spinduliai veikia kaip barjerai, dar labiau ma\u017eindami medienos pralaidum\u0105. Kartu su tiloz\u0117mis jie sukuria sud\u0117ting\u0105 ir pasiprie\u0161inim\u0173 kupin\u0105 keli\u0105 dr\u0117gmei ir orui, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena \u201ekv\u0117puoja\u201c ma\u017eiau ir yra labai patvari.<\/p>\n

Apibendrinimas<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Apibendrinant galima teigti, kad i\u0161skirtinis \u0105\u017euolo medienos atsparumas oro s\u0105lygoms ir puvimui yra daugelio veiksni\u0173 derinio rezultatas. Branduolin\u0117je medienoje gausu chemini\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 jungini\u0173 (tanin\u0173, flavonoid\u0173 ir kt.), kurie yra toksi\u0161ki grybams ir l\u0117tina irimo procesus. Be to, \u0105\u017euolo mediena yra tanki ir anatomi\u0161kai \u201eu\u017edara\u201c \u2013 \u017eiedu por\u0117toje strukt\u016broje tiloz\u0117s u\u017ekem\u0161a dideles poras, o plat\u016bs spinduliai stabdo skys\u010di\u0173 jud\u0117jim\u0105.<\/p>\n

Skirtingai nei daugelis kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173, kurie be apdorojimo greitai p\u016bva (pvz., bukas ar ber\u017eas), \u0105\u017euolas d\u0117l savo raugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 ir strukt\u016bros gali i\u0161likti naudojamas de\u0161imtme\u010dius ar net \u0161imtme\u010dius. B\u016btent tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena nuo seno laikoma viena patikimiausi\u0173 konstrukcijoms ir lauko naudojimui.<\/p> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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\u0104\u017euolo medienos atsparumo oro s\u0105lygoms ir puvimui prie\u017eastys<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8074,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kasulik-teada","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nKod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena yra atspari oro poveikiui ir puvimui? - Etnoart<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Su\u017einokite, kod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena yra viena patvariausi\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173. 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Toliau paai\u0161kiname, kokie cheminiai junginiai \u0105\u017euolo medienoje bei kokie anatominiai ir fizikiniai veiksniai suteikia \u0105\u017euolui ypating\u0105 atsparum\u0105 puvimui, palyginti su daugeliu kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"170\" data-end=\"211\"><strong data-start=\"170\" data-end=\"211\">Chemin\u0117 sud\u0117tis ir atsparumas puvimui<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"213\" data-end=\"396\">\u0104\u017euolo medienos branduolin\u0117 dalis (\u0161erdis) turi daug nat\u016brali\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, kurios slopina gryb\u0173 ir bakterij\u0173 augim\u0105 bei ma\u017eina \u017ealing\u0105 dr\u0117gm\u0117s poveik\u012f. Pagrindin\u0117s i\u0161 j\u0173 yra:<\/p> <p data-start=\"398\" data-end=\"1426\"><strong data-start=\"398\" data-end=\"410\">Taninai:<\/strong> \u0104\u017euolo branduolinei medienai b\u016bdingas labai didelis tanin\u0173 kiekis \u2013 tai augaliniai polifenoliniai junginiai, veikiantys kaip nat\u016bral\u016bs fungicidai ir pesticidai. Pats pavadinimas \u201etaninas\u201c kil\u0119s i\u0161 \u0105\u017euolo medienos naudojimo od\u0173 rauginimo procese (senojoje vokie\u010di\u0173 kalboje <em data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"690\">Tanna<\/em> rei\u0161k\u0117 \u0105\u017euol\u0105). Taninai saugo medien\u0105 nuo gryb\u0173, bakterij\u0173 ir vabzd\u017ei\u0173, slopindami j\u0173 gyvybin\u0119 veikl\u0105. Tyrimai rodo, kad \u0105\u017euolo taninai turi toksin\u012f poveik\u012f medien\u0105 ardan\u010dioms gryb\u0173 r\u016b\u0161ims: \u0161ie junginiai stabdo lignino ir celiulioz\u0117s skaidym\u0105, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena suyra gerokai l\u0117\u010diau nei daugelio kit\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 mediena. Pavyzd\u017eiui, pasteb\u0117ta, kad po vandeniu \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena i\u0161silaiko ilgiau nei kai kuri\u0173 spygliuo\u010di\u0173 mediena \u2013 taninai apsaugo nuo j\u016brini\u0173 gryb\u0173 ir bakterij\u0173, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo konstrukcijos tampa patvaresn\u0117s nei \u012fprastos pu\u0161ies ar egl\u0117s. Taip pat nustatyta, kad \u0105\u017euolo medienoje esantys special\u016bs ellagitaninai (tam tikros r\u016b\u0161ies hidrolizuojami taninai) suteikia ypa\u010d stipr\u0173 atsparum\u0105 grybin\u0117ms pa\u017eaidos formoms.<\/p> <p data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"2181\"><strong data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1441\">Ligninas:<\/strong> Ligninas yra lipnus polimeras, stiprinantis medienos l\u0105steli\u0173 sieneles ir suteikiantis medienai standumo bei hidrofobi\u0161kumo. D\u0117l lignino sausa mediena yra tvirta ir lengvai ne\u012fgeria vandens. Kuo daugiau lignino medienoje, tuo sunkiau grybams j\u0105 suskaidyti \u2013 ligninas biologi\u0161kai skyla l\u0117\u010diau nei celiulioz\u0117. \u0104\u017euolo mediena turi gana daug lignino (palyginti su greitai augan\u010diais lapuo\u010diais), o jo strukt\u016bra grybams sunkiau skaidoma. Nat\u016bralus medienos patvarumas daugiausia priklauso nuo lignino ir ekstrakcini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiekio \u2013 r\u016b\u0161ys, turin\u010dios daugiau lignino ir ekstraktyv\u0173 (pvz., \u0105\u017euolas), yra atsparesn\u0117s puvimui. Be to, ligninas daro l\u0105steli\u0173 sieneles ma\u017eiau pralaid\u017eias vandeniui ir taip ma\u017eina dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u012fsig\u0117rim\u0105 \u012f medienos gilum\u0105.<\/p> <p data-start=\"2183\" data-end=\"3028\"><strong data-start=\"2183\" data-end=\"2216\">Kitos ekstrakcin\u0117s med\u017eiagos:<\/strong> \u0104\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena laikui b\u0117gant sukaupia ir kit\u0173 ekstraktyv\u0173 (biologi\u0161kai aktyvi\u0173 jungini\u0173), pavyzd\u017eiui, flavonoid\u0173, fenolini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ir va\u0161k\u0173. \u0160ios med\u017eiagos sudaro antrin\u0119 chemin\u0119 apsaug\u0105 nuo biologini\u0173 pa\u017eeidim\u0173. \u0104\u017euolo medienoje aptinkami ellagin\u0117s r\u016bg\u0161ties dariniai ir kiti polifenoliai veikia kaip antioksidantai ir prie\u0161grybelin\u0117s med\u017eiagos. Jie slopina gryb\u0173 ferment\u0173 veikl\u0105 ir l\u0105steli\u0173 augim\u0105, tod\u0117l mediena tampa ma\u017eiau tinkama j\u0173 vystymuisi. Be to, \u0105\u017euolo medienoje yra tam tikr\u0173 organini\u0173 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173 (pvz., tanino r\u016bg\u0161ties), kurios sukuria grybams nepalanki\u0105 \u2013 r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0105 ir toksi\u0161k\u0105 \u2013 aplink\u0105. Didelis ekstraktyvi\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiekis branduolin\u0117je medienoje yra svarbi \u0105\u017euolo patvarumo prie\u017eastis \u2013 \u0161ios med\u017eiagos suri\u0161a metalus ir sudaro grybams toksi\u0161k\u0105 aplink\u0105, taip l\u0117tindamos irimo procesus.<\/p> <p data-start=\"3030\" data-end=\"3623\">Svarbu pabr\u0117\u017eti, kad \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena (vidin\u0117 kamieno dalis) yra daug atsparesn\u0117 nei balanin\u0117 mediena (i\u0161orin\u0117, gyva medienos dalis). Med\u017eiui senstant, vidiniai laidieji audiniai \u017e\u016bva ir virsta branduoline mediena, kurioje \u0105\u017euolas sukaupia didel\u0119 tanin\u0173 ir kit\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 koncentracij\u0105. D\u0117l to \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena nat\u016braliai yra atspari puvimui. Tuo tarpu balanin\u0117 mediena turi ma\u017eiau apsaugini\u0173 chemini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ir tod\u0117l grei\u010diau skyla. Statyboje ir lauko s\u0105lygomis da\u017eniausiai naudojama b\u016btent tamsesn\u0117 \u0105\u017euolo branduolin\u0117 mediena, turtinga apsaugini\u0173 ekstraktyv\u0173.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm.jpg\" title=\"vana tamm\" alt=\"vana tamm\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm.jpg 800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-267x400.jpg 267w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/vana-tamm-600x900.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid.jpg\" title=\"tammest veinivaadid\" alt=\"tammest veinivaadid\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid.jpg 900w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-300x400.jpg 300w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tammest-veinivaadid-600x800.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit.jpg\" title=\"Vana tamme puit\" alt=\"Vana tamme puit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit.jpg 875w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-292x400.jpg 292w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-747x1024.jpg 747w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-768x1053.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Vana-tamme-puit-600x823.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu.jpg\" title=\"v\u00f5imas tammepuu\" alt=\"v\u00f5imas tammepuu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu.jpg 800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-267x400.jpg 267w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/voimas-tammepuu-600x900.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"11a7mav\" data-start=\"194\" data-end=\"240\"><strong data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"240\">\u0104\u017euolo palyginimas su kitais lapuo\u010diais<\/strong><\/h2> <p data-start=\"242\" data-end=\"886\">Daugeliui kit\u0173 vidutinio klimato juostos lapuo\u010di\u0173 med\u017ei\u0173 tr\u016bksta \u0105\u017euolui b\u016bding\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 jungini\u0173 ar strukt\u016br\u0173, tod\u0117l j\u0173 mediena yra ma\u017eiau atspari puvimui. Pavyzd\u017eiui, paprastasis bukas (<em data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"450\">Fagus sylvatica<\/em>) ir ber\u017eas (<em data-start=\"463\" data-end=\"476\">Betula spp.<\/em>) nesudaro tokios ekstraktyviomis med\u017eiagomis turtingos branduolin\u0117s medienos kaip \u0105\u017euolas. Buko medienoje n\u0117ra ai\u0161kios ribos tarp branduolin\u0117s ir balanin\u0117s medienos \u2013 senesn\u0117se kamieno dalyse susidaro tik vadinamoji klaidinga \u0161erdis, kuri i\u0161 esm\u0117s yra spalv\u0105 pakeitusios negyvos l\u0105stel\u0117s be apsaugini\u0173 tanin\u0173. D\u0117l to buko mediena yra labai linkusi p\u016bti ir lauko s\u0105lygomis i\u0161silaiko neilgai, jei n\u0117ra apdorota.<\/p> <p data-start=\"888\" data-end=\"1540\">Ber\u017eo mediena taip pat pasi\u017eymi ma\u017eu nat\u016braliu atsparumu \u2013 joje n\u0117ra didelio tanin\u0173 ir derv\u0173 kiekio, tod\u0117l dr\u0117gnomis s\u0105lygomis grybai gali lengvai prad\u0117ti j\u0105 skaidyti. Tyrimai parod\u0117, kad, pavyzd\u017eiui, ber\u017eo, alksnio ar drebul\u0117s mediena dr\u0117gnoje aplinkoje suyra daug grei\u010diau nei \u0105\u017euolo. Kitaip tariant, unikali \u0105\u017euolo chemin\u0117 sud\u0117tis i\u0161skiria j\u012f i\u0161 daugelio kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 \u2013 r\u016b\u0161ys, kuri\u0173 medienoje n\u0117ra tanin\u0173 ir kit\u0173 raugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173, pasi\u017eymi labai ma\u017eu nat\u016braliu atsparumu grybams. Pavyzd\u017eiui, pasteb\u0117ta, kad \u0105\u017euolo ir pu\u0161ies branduolin\u0117 mediena vandenyje gali i\u0161likti \u0161imtme\u010dius, tuo tarpu tokie lapuo\u010diai kaip ber\u017eas vandenyje greitai sumink\u0161t\u0117ja.<\/p> <p data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"2016\">Verta pamin\u0117ti, kad yra ir kit\u0173 nat\u016braliai patvari\u0173 medienos r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, turin\u010di\u0173 pana\u0161ius apsaugos mechanizmus kaip \u0105\u017euolas. Pavyzd\u017eiui, ka\u0161tono (<em data-start=\"1684\" data-end=\"1694\">Castanea<\/em>) mediena taip pat turtinga tanin\u0173 ir gerai atspari puvimui. Tropiniai lapuo\u010diai, tokie kaip tikmedis, turi nat\u016brali\u0173 aliej\u0173 ir derv\u0173, suteikian\u010di\u0173 atsparum\u0105 puvimui. Ta\u010diau tarp m\u016bs\u0173 klimato zonoje augan\u010di\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 \u0105\u017euolas yra vienas patvariausi\u0173, nes sujungia didel\u012f tank\u012f, tanin\u0173 gaus\u0105 ir ypating\u0105 anatomin\u0119 strukt\u016br\u0105.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"xtndto\" data-start=\"2023\" data-end=\"2065\"><strong data-start=\"2026\" data-end=\"2065\">Anatominiai ir fizikiniai veiksniai<\/strong><\/h2> <p data-start=\"2067\" data-end=\"2171\">Be chemin\u0117s sud\u0117ties, \u0105\u017euolo medienos patvarumui didel\u0119 \u012ftak\u0105 turi ir jos strukt\u016bra bei fizin\u0117s savyb\u0117s.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"2bvbpq\" data-start=\"2173\" data-end=\"2199\"><strong data-start=\"2177\" data-end=\"2199\">Tankis ir kietumas<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"2201\" data-end=\"3074\">\u0104\u017euolo mediena yra labai tanki ir sunki \u2013 jos tankis siekia apie 720 kg\/m\u00b3, tod\u0117l ji priskiriama prie tankesni\u0173 vietini\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173 medien\u0173. Didelis tankis rei\u0161kia, kad medienos poros ir tarpl\u0105stelin\u0117s erdv\u0117s yra ma\u017eesn\u0117s arba u\u017epildytos storomis l\u0105steli\u0173 sienel\u0117mis. Tai l\u0117tina dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u012fsig\u0117rim\u0105 \u012f medien\u0105 ir palieka grybams ma\u017eiau tu\u0161\u010di\u0173 erdvi\u0173, \u012f kurias gal\u0117t\u0173 prasiskverbti. Tanki ir kieta mediena geriau atlaiko kintan\u010dias oro s\u0105lygas (dr\u0117kimo ir d\u017ei\u016bvimo ciklus) \u2013 \u0105\u017euolas brinksta ir traukiasi palyginti nedaug ir nepraranda formos. Fizi\u0161kai grybams reikia daugiau laiko suardyti tanki\u0105 medien\u0105, nes kiekviename t\u016brio vienete yra daugiau med\u017eiagos ir ma\u017eiau oro bei vandens. Didelis \u0105\u017euolo kietumas taip pat apsaugo nuo mechanini\u0173 pa\u017eeidim\u0173 \u2013 pavir\u0161iniai pa\u017eeidimai paprastai nepasiekia gilesni\u0173 sluoksni\u0173, tod\u0117l lietus ir mikroorganizmai sunkiau prasiskverbia \u012f vid\u0173.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"1achfhq\" data-start=\"3076\" data-end=\"3106\"><strong data-start=\"3080\" data-end=\"3106\">\u017diedu por\u0117ta strukt\u016bra<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"3108\" data-end=\"3473\">\u0104\u017euolas yra \u017eiedu por\u0117tas lapuotis. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad kiekvieno met\u0173 \u017eiedo ankstyvojoje medienoje yra didelio skersmens indai, o v\u0117lyvojoje \u2013 ma\u017eesni. Met\u0173 \u017eiedai ai\u0161kiai matomi b\u016btent d\u0117l \u0161i\u0173 por\u0173 dyd\u017eio skirtum\u0173. Dideli indai leid\u017eia med\u017eiui pavasar\u012f greitai transportuoti vanden\u012f, ta\u010diau medienos patvarumo po\u017ei\u016briu jie taip pat sudaro s\u0105lygas formuotis tiloz\u0117ms.<\/p> <p data-start=\"3475\" data-end=\"4117\">Tilozi\u0173 pavidalu parenchimos l\u0105stel\u0117s i\u0161auga \u012f negyvus indus ir u\u017epildo dideles poras branduolin\u0117je medienoje. Ypa\u010d balt\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 grup\u0117je (kuriai priklauso ir paprastasis \u0105\u017euolas) tiloz\u0117s gali taip tankiai u\u017ekim\u0161ti indus, kad branduolin\u0117 mediena tampa beveik nepralaidi vandeniui. Tiloz\u0117s veikia tarsi kam\u0161\u010diai \u2013 jos blokuoja vandens ir grybinio micelio jud\u0117jim\u0105 i\u0161ilgai medienos. D\u0117l \u0161ios prie\u017easties \u0105\u017euolo mediena, ypa\u010d tamsi branduolin\u0117 dalis, sunkiai sugeria vanden\u012f ir yra atspari puvimui. Pavyzd\u017eiui, i\u0161 balt\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 pagamintos vyno statin\u0117s ir laiv\u0173 lentos puikiai sulaiko skys\u010dius, nes \u0105\u017euolo poros yra nat\u016braliai \u201eu\u017ecementuotos\u201c.<\/p> <p data-start=\"4119\" data-end=\"4590\">Prie\u0161ingai, raudon\u0173j\u0173 \u0105\u017euol\u0173 grup\u0117je (pvz., \u0160iaur\u0117s Amerikos <em data-start=\"4180\" data-end=\"4195\">Quercus rubra<\/em>) indai lieka atviri, tilozi\u0173 ma\u017eai, tod\u0117l j\u0173 mediena yra ma\u017eiau atspari vandeniui ir grei\u010diau p\u016bva dr\u0117gnomis s\u0105lygomis. Apskritai \u017eiedu por\u0117ta strukt\u016bra kartu su tiloz\u0117mis suteikia \u0105\u017euolui didel\u012f prana\u0161um\u0105 prie\u0161 difuzi\u0161kai por\u0117tas r\u016b\u0161is: dr\u0117gm\u0117s jud\u0117jimas per medien\u0105 greitai sustoja d\u0117l u\u017ekim\u0161t\u0173 ind\u0173, tuo tarpu ber\u017eo ar buko mediena gali palyginti laisvai sugerti vanden\u012f per vis\u0105 skerspj\u016bv\u012f.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"quijik\" data-start=\"4592\" data-end=\"4619\"><strong data-start=\"4596\" data-end=\"4619\">Medienos spinduliai<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"4621\" data-end=\"5169\">\u0104\u017euolo medienoje yra ypa\u010d dideli ir gaus\u016bs spinduliai \u2013 tai radialin\u0117s medienos juostos, sudarytos i\u0161 gyv\u0173 parenchimos l\u0105steli\u0173. Kai kuriais atvejais spinduliai gali sudaryti net apie ketvirtadal\u012f viso \u0105\u017euolo medienos t\u016brio. Dideli spinduliai suteikia papildomo stiprumo ir matmen\u0173 stabilumo. I\u0161d\u017ei\u016bvusios \u0105\u017euolo lentos ma\u017eiau skilin\u0117ja ir deformuojasi, nes spinduliai padeda i\u0161laikyti form\u0105 \u2013 radialinis susitraukimas d\u017ei\u016bstant siekia tik apie 4 %. D\u0117l to mediena ple\u010diasi ir traukiasi tolygiau, o tai suma\u017eina \u012ftr\u016bkim\u0173 atsiradim\u0105 lauko s\u0105lygomis.<\/p> <p data-start=\"5171\" data-end=\"5587\">Be to, plat\u016bs spinduliai apsunkina skys\u010di\u0173 jud\u0117jim\u0105 medienoje. Skystis, patek\u0119s \u012f vien\u0105 viet\u0105, nukreipiamas \u012f \u0161onus, o jo kelias nutr\u016bksta, nes gretimose vietose n\u0117ra t\u0119stinio spindulio. Taip spinduliai veikia kaip barjerai, dar labiau ma\u017eindami medienos pralaidum\u0105. Kartu su tiloz\u0117mis jie sukuria sud\u0117ting\u0105 ir pasiprie\u0161inim\u0173 kupin\u0105 keli\u0105 dr\u0117gmei ir orui, tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena \u201ekv\u0117puoja\u201c ma\u017eiau ir yra labai patvari.<\/p> <h3 data-section-id=\"1ld4tv4\" data-start=\"5589\" data-end=\"5611\"><strong data-start=\"5593\" data-end=\"5611\">Apibendrinimas<\/strong><\/h3> <p data-start=\"5613\" data-end=\"6052\">Apibendrinant galima teigti, kad i\u0161skirtinis \u0105\u017euolo medienos atsparumas oro s\u0105lygoms ir puvimui yra daugelio veiksni\u0173 derinio rezultatas. Branduolin\u0117je medienoje gausu chemini\u0173 apsaugini\u0173 jungini\u0173 (tanin\u0173, flavonoid\u0173 ir kt.), kurie yra toksi\u0161ki grybams ir l\u0117tina irimo procesus. Be to, \u0105\u017euolo mediena yra tanki ir anatomi\u0161kai \u201eu\u017edara\u201c \u2013 \u017eiedu por\u0117toje strukt\u016broje tiloz\u0117s u\u017ekem\u0161a dideles poras, o plat\u016bs spinduliai stabdo skys\u010di\u0173 jud\u0117jim\u0105.<\/p> <p data-start=\"6054\" data-end=\"6356\">Skirtingai nei daugelis kit\u0173 lapuo\u010di\u0173, kurie be apdorojimo greitai p\u016bva (pvz., bukas ar ber\u017eas), \u0105\u017euolas d\u0117l savo raugini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 ir strukt\u016bros gali i\u0161likti naudojamas de\u0161imtme\u010dius ar net \u0161imtme\u010dius. B\u016btent tod\u0117l \u0105\u017euolo mediena nuo seno laikoma viena patikimiausi\u0173 konstrukcijoms ir lauko naudojimui.<\/p>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit.jpg\" title=\"Kaunis tamme puit\" alt=\"Kaunis tamme puit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit.jpg 1800w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Kaunis-tamme-puit-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\" \/>\n<img src=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid.jpg\" title=\"erinevad tamme sordid\" alt=\"erinevad tamme sordid\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/erinevad-tamme-sordid-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8073"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8093,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8073\/revisions\/8093"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etnoart.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}